“Until now it was supposed to be produced by the same mechanism in women, but we have seen that it is not,” explained the consultant rheumatologist Bone Metabolism Section of Rheumatology Service, Hospital del Mar and study coordinator, Josep Blanch.

Bone mineral density in men is due to a defect in bone formation in women and increased destruction of bone tissue, he added. Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by loss of bone mineral density and is diagnosed with a bone densitometry. The loss of bone mineral density increases susceptibility to fractures of bones, so much so that, in Spain, annually produce about 45,000 hip fractures as a direct result of osteoporosis.

Between 15 percent and 20 percent of people who suffer a hip fracture suffer from serious problems in the course of a year due to sleep, pulmonary thrombosis and respiratory distress, among other factors, which derive from the fact being bedridden.

It is estimated that of all hip fractures occur each year in Spain, one third of the men suffer, because, although osteoporosis is a disease common among post-menopausal women, it also affects men. In fact, among the male population is more frequent than commonly thought.

So far, it was believed that osteoporosis was mainly male secondary, i.e. caused by the use of certain drugs, suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), certain liver diseases, or also a consequence of certain toxic habits, and consumption alcohol, etc…

However, there are times that osteoporosis is not known or apparent cause, in this case is called primary or idiopathic and represents 50 percent of this disorder in men. For this reason, researchers at the Hospital del Mar have wanted a deeper understanding of the causes of this disease in the male population.

In a previous study, this same group compared the measurements of cortical bone morphology in men with idiopathic osteoporosis with measures taken in subjects in a control group. The researchers found a smaller bone formation and found significant differences in bone destruction or resorption between groups.

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Exercise reduced by 25% the risk of falls in patients with osteoporosis. Experts recommend physical activity in childhood and adolescence to reduce the problems associated with osteoporosis and is estimated to decrease by 25% the risk of falls in patients with osteoporosis, according explained Dr. Andrés Peña Arrebola, rehabilitation physician Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal in Madrid.

“People who exercise may fall differently than those who do not perform and to decrease fracture risk,” said Peña, who stressed the benefits of training aimed at strengthening the muscles, balance and a rehabilitation plan physical activity, and that “reduces the number of falls in a year, and the number of injuries from the fall.”

In addition, the exercise itself serves to improve balance and muscle strength, especially in older people living alone. In fact, exercises to improve balance increase the stability of the march, and reduce not only the risk of falling, but the fear of falling.

“Exercise is a form accessible prevention and treatment of bone loss, which has no side effects, its cost is low, it provides benefits on postural stability and the prevention of falls in short, is a fundamental aspect of rehabilitation to play an important role in the challenge of osteoporosis, “he explains.

One of the exercises that improve bone mineral density is Tai Chi, although its practice must be recommended by a physician. This is also an exercise that is practiced in a group, something very exciting to keep the patient in practice regular physical activity.

However, pointed out that disease prevention begins in childhood, which is the time when the exercise has a greater impact on skeletal growth in width and mineral mass, and when children and young people reach peak bone mass, which will determine the size of their bones.

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- Take 2-3 daily cups of whole or semi skimmed milk (rich in vitamin D) or equivalent (2 yogurt = 1 cup of milk).
- The small fish (small fish) or canned sardines are advised to eat them whole (the spines are rich in calcium).
- Reduce the consumption of meat (causing a loss of calcium in the urine).
- Drink plenty of fluids: a1 1.5 to 2 liters a day.
- Make exercise outdoors (sun exposure favors making vitarnina D).
- Reduce the consumption of alcohol.
- When cooking you can use all kinds of cooking: steaming, oven, grilled, fried, stewed, etc …
- Add crushed nuts to the mortar (almonds, pine nuts and hazelnuts) as ingredients in preparing dishes.
- If necessary to take food or dietary supplements rich in calcium.
- Develop recipes including cheese as an ingredient.

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The investigation led by orthopedic surgeon, along with his chief of service, Antonio Murcia, and two engineers who joined them earlier studies, has provided more than encouraging results. Conventional diagnostic methods for osteoporosis, bone mineral density test (BMD), CT and ultrasound-present problems of cost, waiting lists and, in the first two cases, radiation to the patient. The new method eliminates virtually all of them.

But how exactly? Artificial Intelligence means nothing more or less, on a computer that tries to mimic the way the brain information processing, i.e. learning that recognizes patterns and is able to adapt to the environment. In fact, it is called a neural network. Well, one of these networks analyzes the results of a simple questionnaire of 135 questions completed by patients at home through a web platform. Collect the 12 variables contained in the issues, which directly influence the development of osteoporosis. With these data, making a diagnosis and, here comes the magic, the study shows that results Asturian agree over 95% with the standard diagnostic method, the DMO.

The test was developed by the National Cancer Institute of USA and up to 36 variables analyzed to detect tumors. Suarez’s team eliminated the variables that influence the development of osteoporosis, was left with 12, and has succeeded in opening a road with many possibilities.

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Treatments for Osteoporosis

With respect to drugs are of different types. Some are effective in preventing hip fracture; others act more on the spinal area while also having an impact is to prevent fractures in both areas. Depending on the circumstances of each patient and his age will indicate a drug or another. With respect to compliance, it is generally very bad for all chronic diseases. It should be emphasized awareness in patients and that everyone should take the medication when touched. In the field of osteoporosis is focused toward the future individualization of treatments, something that is becoming more and more. Some patients prefer treatments weekly, others monthly, and there are even who opt for the injections every two months. The pills, whether as often as they have the same effectiveness as long. It is important to remember that patients taking them should be seated, but never lying down. This is because the medication includes bisphosphonates, a component whose absorption is very low. So you have to do is help the body to integrate bisphosphonates and avoid any possibility of reflux. Getting to go directly to the stomach will be offered every facility for reaching the bone.

Osteoporosis also affects men

Every time we talk to associate this disease osteoporosis female sector as it has a major impact on this part of the population, especially when they reach menopause. But we must not forget that men also are affected by osteoporosis, and although the proportion is lower (three women affected by) the figures are not negligible. For men must avoid the snuff, excess alcohol, cortisone, and the lack of male hormones and that these are the basic risk factors for developing osteoporosis.

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Calcium supplements

The intake of calcium is needed daily to keep the bone in good condition and does not reach the levels of attrition that cause fractures. Calcium is a component of healing but also prevents loss of bone reserves. To find out how much calcium we take each day to achieve the necessary levels in our body, the doctor performs a table on which patients should note them food they eat each day. Once completed it is returned to your doctor, so that it checks how much calcium they need is left uncovered in the intakes of each patient. Calcium supplements are recommended especially in women after menopause, a time when the figures required amount to the 1500 mlg. day. We must make it known to patients not by much calcium is taken once the body will absorb more of it. In fact the body fails to keep more of 500mlg. at once, so if we take more that calcium is lost. Therefore we recommend distributing the shots during the day, and that calcium is consumed with meals to facilitate absorption.

Broken bones

The bones are more prone to fracture in patients with osteoporosis are the wrist, vertebrae, humerus, femur and hip. The latter is the most known because it involves the most complications. In an elderly hip fracture involves 20% mortality in the acute phase, and 40% the year after the occurrence of the break. In addition, most patients do not die are disabled for life, still very few who can develop a normal life like before breaking a hip.

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We have detected that due to the longevity of the Spanish and increasing life expectancy, have increased detected cases of osteoporosis. The truth is that it is common that bone mass is being lost and more as time passes. If we consider that the life expectancy of the Spanish revolves around age 80, it is no wonder that more and more patients are detected osteoporotic.

In addition it is also true that some years ago no one knew much of this chronic disease, and although still not known to return to the stage medications prior to the bones, it is known well how to handle it.

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The family physician and preventive role

Dr. Vicente Giner, family physician, defends the importance of this group of professionals in detecting osteoporotic risk individuals. Primary care physicians are well trained and able to exercise a form of prevention of osteoporosis in patients who visit. His main work happens to recommend practices which provide protection against osteoporosis.

Practical Measures to Prevent Osteoporosis

There are a number of measures that we all know that osteoporosis can make the slightest dent in our body. A diet rich in vitamin D, no smoking, alcohol abuse, physical exercise and try not to be very thin (the thinness and favors the onset of disease) are key to help prevent some of osteoporotic risk. Exercise slows bone loss and also increases the muscle, which is the protective layer of bones. With respect to the genetic risk cannot be changed so we will touch on the aspects that do depend on ourselves. It added that these measures are useful at any age, so it is never too late to start implementation.

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